What is Gasification?
The gasification content is the conversion to syngas (i.e. artificial gas) consisting largely of Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen found in carbon (C) element products. Singaz (syngaz) is also used in electrical energy and heating by being burned in some thermal power plants and reactors. It can also be used as a raw material in petrochemical and refinery facilities. Raw materials used in gasification;
low calorie coals,
Fuel-oil containing high amount of sulfur,
Petroleum and Coal cokes,
Biomass and Wastes (Factory Wastes, Sewage Sludge, Hazardous Wastes and Domestic Wastes)
Operation of Gasification Plant
Dried solid wastes (wood, sawdust, all kinds of wood wastes) containing carbon are placed in the reactor. It is ignited from the reactor holes for a certain period of time with external ignition. The solid waste mixed with the air supplied in a controlled manner releases its gas at high temperature. By cooling some of these gases, the temperature is lowered. Since all these processes take place in a closed system, no polluted gas is released into the atmosphere.
Why Gasification Instead of Incineration?
There are methods of eliminating wastes, which are very materially recycled, these are;
in waste facilities,
Incineration and gasification in waste thermal power plants.
Gasification creates a positive gain by separating the non-recyclable chemicals in the waste materials, and by producing Syntetic gas, which is completely environmentally friendly, a gas fuel that almost rivals natural gas and all gases in the energy production and chemical industry.
Gasification also provides higher energy efficiency than incineration. This is because less solid fuel is used to produce the same amount of energy in solid fuel gasification, which results in less carbon dioxide emissions. Gasification is more environmentally friendly than combustion technologies. For this reason, it is a more environmentally friendly technology. It does not cause carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide emissions.
Benefits of Using Synthesis Gas
Renewable energy production,
Conversion of waste into useful fuels,
On-site power generation and reduced transmission losses,
Significant reduction in carbon emissions.
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Gasification Processes
Gasification is a chemical reaction caused by heating the material in an oxygen-deficient environment and is incomplete combustion in which carbon-rich gases are removed. These gases are then burned in thermal oxidizers after adding air. Generally, gasification is confused with combustion, but both are completely different processes. Combustion is the actual combustion or combustion of solid fuels. It happens at higher temperature and burns the material completely and does not produce carbon-rich ecochar.
Gasification Stages:
Gasification is done in five separate thermal processes. They are drying, combustion (oxidation), pyrolysis, carbonization and reduction. All of these processes occur naturally in the flame you see when you light a match. In 2016, we took our place among the countries that widely use gasification technology in the world.
Countries Using Gasification Technology in the World
In 2016, we took our place among the countries using Gasification Technology.
PILOT PLANT, U.S.A: 48 TPD – 1983
MIHAMA MIKATA, JAPAN: MSW & SLUDGE, 24 TPD – 2002
PUNE, INDIA: HAZARDOUS WASTE, 78 TPD – 2008
WUHAN, CHINA: BIOMASS, 150 TPD – 2012
SHANGHAI, CHINA: MEDICAL WASTE & FLY ASH, 30 TPD – 2013
TEES VALLEY, UK: TV1 MSW, 1,000 TPD – 2014
BIJIE, CHINA: MSW, 600 TPD – 2014
TEES VALLEY, UK: TV2 MSW, 1,000 TPD – 2016
KASTAMONU ENTEGRE AÄžAÇ SANAYÄ°Ä° A.Åž, Türkiye, KOCAELÄ°-2016